Snow: crystalline flakes of frozen precipitation; the temperature throughout the atmosphere must remain below freezing(32°F) or the precipitation type will turn to rain, sleet, or freezing rain
Sleet: frozen precipitation that originates as snow, melts in an atmospheric layer of above-freezing air, and refreezes in sub-freezing air before reaching the ground
Freezing Rain: rain that falls while that air temperature at the surface is below freezing; snow melts as it encounters an atmospheric layer of above-freezing air, then falls through a sub-freezing layer of air at or near the surface; droplets freeze on contacts with surfaces
Hail: when water droplets become caught in updrafts within thunderstorms and encounter a sub-freezing laer of air within the cloud, they freeze. These now hailstones then continue to move through the clouds colliding with other droplets that freeze on hailstone's surface, causing it to grow and subsequently fall to the ground
Frozen Precipitation Diagram
Tropical Weather Terms
Cyclone: area of low pressure that moves counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere
Tropical Depression: tropical cyclone with winds speeds of 39mph or lower
Tropical Storm: tropical cyclone with wind speeds between 40mph and 73mph
Hurricane: tropical cyclone with wind speeds of 74mph or higher
Cyclone Name Usages
Hurricane: used in the Northern Atlantic Ocean and Northeastern Pacific Ocean
Typhoon: used in the Northwest Pacific Ocean
Tropical Cyclone: used in the Northern Indian Ocean, Southwestern Indian Ocean, Australia, and South Pacific
Other Weather Terms
Blizzard: snowfall with winds of 35mph or greater and visibility of a quarter-mile or less lasting for at least 3 hours
Condensation: vapor/gas state to a liquid state
Deposition: vapor/gas state to a solid state; it is one of the ways that snow forms in the atmosphere
Dew Point: temperature at which water vapor in the air will condense into liquid water
Evaporation: liquid state to a vapor/gas state
Monsoon: seasonal reversal of the winds, which leads to a change in precipitation amounts; the change is associated with the unequal heating of the land and water which changes throughout the year
Relative Humidity: ratio of the vapor pressure of the air to the saturation vapor pressure of the air, which is the maximum amount of vapor that a volume of air can hold before the water vapor condenses out of it; this is measured in percentage
Tornado: strong, rotating column of air that is in contact with the ground; winds within a tornado can reach up to and in excess of 300 mph in rare occurrences, but most have winds of 110mph or less
Virga: rain or snow that evaporates before reaching the ground
Wind: movement of air due to differences in atmospheric pressure; air moves from high to low pressure; bursts of high speed winds are called 'gusts'
Frozen Precipitation Diagram
Tropical Weather Terms
Cyclone: area of low pressure that moves counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere
Tropical Depression: tropical cyclone with winds speeds of 39mph or lower
Tropical Storm: tropical cyclone with wind speeds between 40mph and 73mph
Hurricane: tropical cyclone with wind speeds of 74mph or higher
Cyclone Name Usages
Hurricane: used in the Northern Atlantic Ocean and Northeastern Pacific Ocean
Typhoon: used in the Northwest Pacific Ocean
Tropical Cyclone: used in the Northern Indian Ocean, Southwestern Indian Ocean, Australia, and South Pacific
Other Weather Terms
Blizzard: snowfall with winds of 35mph or greater and visibility of a quarter-mile or less lasting for at least 3 hours
Condensation: vapor/gas state to a liquid state
Deposition: vapor/gas state to a solid state; it is one of the ways that snow forms in the atmosphere
Dew Point: temperature at which water vapor in the air will condense into liquid water
Evaporation: liquid state to a vapor/gas state
Monsoon: seasonal reversal of the winds, which leads to a change in precipitation amounts; the change is associated with the unequal heating of the land and water which changes throughout the year
Relative Humidity: ratio of the vapor pressure of the air to the saturation vapor pressure of the air, which is the maximum amount of vapor that a volume of air can hold before the water vapor condenses out of it; this is measured in percentage
Tornado: strong, rotating column of air that is in contact with the ground; winds within a tornado can reach up to and in excess of 300 mph in rare occurrences, but most have winds of 110mph or less
Virga: rain or snow that evaporates before reaching the ground
Wind: movement of air due to differences in atmospheric pressure; air moves from high to low pressure; bursts of high speed winds are called 'gusts'
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